RuAviation

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The VK-650V turboshaft engine, developed by UEC-Klimov, addresses the urgent need for technological independence in the light helicopter segment. For decades, this category of aircraft has relied heavily on imported powerplants, creating operational, production, and maintenance vulnerabilities. The introduction of a domestic engine in the 500–600 hp class not only allows replacement of foreign units on existing platforms but also lays the groundwork for new rotorcraft, including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and hybrid power systems.

Following type certification in late 2024, the VK-650V was showcased at the Dubai Airshow 2025 by the United Engine Corporation (UEC), part of Rostec, marking a logical step toward global market introduction. The engine was presented as part of a unified Russian exhibit organized by Rosoboronexport.

The VK-650V is a forward-output turboshaft engine with a reduction gearbox, single-stage centrifugal compressor, single-stage compressor turbine, and free turbine. It delivers up to 650 hp at takeoff, with a short-term emergency rating of 750 hp (2.5-minute duration with one engine inoperative). Cruise power is 400 hp. The engine has a dry weight of 115 kg, positioning it competitively against the French Safran Arrius 2G1 and Canadian Pratt & Whitney PW207.

The engine is intended to re-equip light twin-engine helicopters such as the Ansat-M and Ka-226T (replacing Arrius 2G1 and PW207K engines), as well as the single-engine Mi-34M1. Its power characteristics and simple design make it suitable for integration into other prospective rotorcraft with a takeoff weight of 2–4 tons and for development into a turboshaft-turboprop hybrid.

A key operational advantage of the VK-650V is reduced lifecycle costs. Domestic production of the engine and its components ensures independence from foreign suppliers for spare parts and maintenance, directly affecting cost per flight hour and overall fleet economics. An in-house maintenance base and spare parts stock reduce aircraft downtime and improve availability.

The engine supports condition-based maintenance, minimizing service time and cost. Its simple design further optimizes repair and operational efficiency.

According to UEC-Klimov, engine reliability and efficiency are ensured by a modern digital automatic control and monitoring system (ACS). The BARK-5V electronic engine control unit optimizes fuel efficiency and tracks component life for condition-based operation. In the event of BARK-5V failure, the hydromechanical backup takes control.

The VK-650V program began in late 2019 with a preliminary design phase. The development focused on a simple, reliable turboshaft with low lifecycle cost and accelerated timelines. Analytical studies defined the engine’s configuration, based on proven design solutions to achieve competitive performance.

By 2020, the first demonstrator was produced. Rapid development was enabled by extensive digital design and additive manufacturing. All airflow components were optimized using 3D computational techniques.

Testing began in January 2021 at UEC-Klimov’s specialized test stand with a hydraulic brake simulating rotor transmission load. Tests included continuous parameter logging and visual monitoring, confirming reliable starts and operation under the test program.

By the end of 2022, three prototypes were completed, and engineering tests concluded. Special, endurance, and certification tests commenced, leading to type certification in December 2024.

In summer 2025, the Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors (CIAM) confirmed the VK-650V’s readiness for first flight and helicopter integration tests on the Ansat-M and Mi-34M1. Seven prototypes were produced for ground and flight tests.

Currently, VK-650V engines are undergoing flight tests on the Ansat-M. The import-substituted helicopter demonstrated stable operation with two VK-650V engines across all modes, including single-engine simulation. Maintenance personnel report ease of service, while pilots note efficient digital ACS performance.

UEC-Klimov plans to complete certification tests within helicopters and begin serial production in the near future.

Global light turboshaft leaders include Safran Helicopter Engines and Pratt & Whitney Canada. VK-650V enters this market with competitive power and weight parameters. Its advantages for domestic and select export markets include low lifecycle cost and independent maintenance support. The VK-650 family is planned for further power variants and adaptation to diverse aircraft platforms.

The VK-650V represents a strategic solution for Russian aviation, filling the 500–600 hp segment, reducing import dependency, and providing a technological foundation for future development. Its strengths lie in simple and reliable design, modern digital control, and potential for hybrid and multi-platform adaptation.

A hybrid power unit (HPU) with 500 kW output has been developed based on the VK-650V, combining a gas turbine and electric motor. This system is intended for next-generation aircraft, including air taxis, heavy UAVs, and VTOL/STOL planes.

The HPU features a turbogenerator based on the VK-650V, rated at 400 kW with a weight of 200 kg. Key developments include a new reduction gearbox, six-phase generator capable of single-phase failure operation, and liquid cooling. Developers state suitability for extreme climates, including Arctic operations. Generator life is rated at ≥10,000 hours; hot section life is 4,500 hours.